India: A Legacy of Achievements
India is the world's largest, oldest continuous civilization. India never invaded any country in her last 10,000 years of history. India is the world's largest democracy.
Varanasi, also known as Benares, was called "the ancient city" when Lord Buddha visited it in 500 B.C.E, and it is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world today. India invented the Number System. Zero was invented by Aryabhatta.
The world's first university was established in Takshashila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda, built in the 4th century BC, was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
Sanskrit is the mother of all European languages. Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software, according to a report in Forbes magazine, July 1987.
Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans. Charaka, the father of medicine, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago. Today, Ayurveda is fast regaining its rightful place in our civilization.
Although modern images of India often show poverty and lack of development, India was the richest country on earth until the time of the British invasion in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India's wealth.
The art of Navigation was born in the river Sindhu 6000 years ago. The very word "Navigation" is derived from the Sanskrit word "NAVGATIH." The word "navy" is also derived from the Sanskrit 'Nou'.
Bhaskaracharya calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. Time taken by the earth to orbit the sun: (5th century) 365.258756484 days.
The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, long before the European mathematicians.
Algebra, trigonometry, and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were solved by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 10^6, whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 1053 (10 to the power of 53) with specific names as early as 5000 BCE during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Tera 1012 (10 to the power of 12).
IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion in the world scientific community that the pioneer of wireless communication was Prof. Jagdish Bose and not Marconi.
The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation were built in Saurashtra. According to Saka King Rudradaman I of 150 CE, a beautiful lake called Sudarshana was constructed on the hills of Raivataka during Chandragupta Maurya's time.
Chess (Shataranja or AshtaPada) was invented in India. Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago, he and health scientists of his time conducted complicated surgeries like cesareans, cataracts, artificial limbs, fractures, urinary stones, and even plastic surgery and brain surgery.
The usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India. Over 125 surgical equipment was used. Deep knowledge of anatomy, physiology, etiology, embryology, digestion, metabolism, genetics, and immunity is also found in many texts.
When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established the Harappan culture in the Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization).
The four religions born in India, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, are followed by 25% of the world's population.
The place value system and the decimal system were developed in India in 100 BC. India is one of the few countries in the world which gained independence without violence.
India has the second-largest pool of Scientists and Engineers in the world. India is the largest English-speaking nation in the world. India is the only country other than the US and Japan to have built a supercomputer indigenously.
Famous Quotes on India (by non-Indians)
Albert Einstein said: "We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made."
Mark Twain said: "India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, and the great-grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only."
French scholar Romain Rolland said: "If there is one place on the face of earth where all the dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India."
Hu Shih, former Ambassador of China to the USA, said: "India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border."
Facts to Make Every Indian Proud
Q. Who is the co-founder of Sun Microsystems?
A. Vinod Khosla
Q. Who is the creator of the Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of today's computers run on it)?
A. Vinod Dahm
Q. Who is the third richest man in the world?
A. According to the latest report in Fortune Magazine, it is Aziz Premji, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at the 6th position now.
Q. Who is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is the world's No.1 web-based email program)?
A. Sabeer Bhatia
Q. Who is the president of AT&T-Bell Labs (AT&T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few)?
A. Arun Netravalli
Q. Who is the GM of Hewlett Packard?
A. Rajiv Gupta
Q. Who is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible for ironing out all initial problems?
A. Sanjay Tejwrika
Q. Who are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, McKinsey & Stanchart?
A. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar.
We Indians are the wealthiest among all ethnic groups in America, even faring better than the whites and the natives. There are 3.22 million Indians in the USA (1.5% of the population).
Proud to be an Indian....... Jai INDIA
Love India... Serve India...
Regards,
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)
Amend(0)
82India is the world's largest, oldest continuous civilization. India never invaded any country in her last 10,000 years of history. India is the world's largest democracy.
Varanasi, also known as Benares, was called "the ancient city" when Lord Buddha visited it in 500 B.C.E, and it is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world today. India invented the Number System. Zero was invented by Aryabhatta.
The world's first university was established in Takshashila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda, built in the 4th century BC, was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
Sanskrit is the mother of all European languages. Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software, according to a report in Forbes magazine, July 1987.
Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans. Charaka, the father of medicine, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago. Today, Ayurveda is fast regaining its rightful place in our civilization.
Although modern images of India often show poverty and lack of development, India was the richest country on earth until the time of the British invasion in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus was attracted by India's wealth.
The art of Navigation was born in the river Sindhu 6000 years ago. The very word "Navigation" is derived from the Sanskrit word "NAVGATIH." The word "navy" is also derived from the Sanskrit 'Nou'.
Bhaskaracharya calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. Time taken by the earth to orbit the sun: (5th century) 365.258756484 days.
The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, long before the European mathematicians.
Algebra, trigonometry, and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were solved by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 10^6, whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 1053 (10 to the power of 53) with specific names as early as 5000 BCE during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Tera 1012 (10 to the power of 12).
IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion in the world scientific community that the pioneer of wireless communication was Prof. Jagdish Bose and not Marconi.
The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation were built in Saurashtra. According to Saka King Rudradaman I of 150 CE, a beautiful lake called Sudarshana was constructed on the hills of Raivataka during Chandragupta Maurya's time.
Chess (Shataranja or AshtaPada) was invented in India. Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago, he and health scientists of his time conducted complicated surgeries like cesareans, cataracts, artificial limbs, fractures, urinary stones, and even plastic surgery and brain surgery.
The usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India. Over 125 surgical equipment was used. Deep knowledge of anatomy, physiology, etiology, embryology, digestion, metabolism, genetics, and immunity is also found in many texts.
When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established the Harappan culture in the Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization).
The four religions born in India, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, are followed by 25% of the world's population.
The place value system and the decimal system were developed in India in 100 BC. India is one of the few countries in the world which gained independence without violence.
India has the second-largest pool of Scientists and Engineers in the world. India is the largest English-speaking nation in the world. India is the only country other than the US and Japan to have built a supercomputer indigenously.
Famous Quotes on India (by non-Indians)
Albert Einstein said: "We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made."
Mark Twain said: "India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, and the great-grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only."
French scholar Romain Rolland said: "If there is one place on the face of earth where all the dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India."
Hu Shih, former Ambassador of China to the USA, said: "India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border."
Facts to Make Every Indian Proud
Q. Who is the co-founder of Sun Microsystems?
A. Vinod Khosla
Q. Who is the creator of the Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of today's computers run on it)?
A. Vinod Dahm
Q. Who is the third richest man in the world?
A. According to the latest report in Fortune Magazine, it is Aziz Premji, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at the 6th position now.
Q. Who is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is the world's No.1 web-based email program)?
A. Sabeer Bhatia
Q. Who is the president of AT&T-Bell Labs (AT&T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few)?
A. Arun Netravalli
Q. Who is the GM of Hewlett Packard?
A. Rajiv Gupta
Q. Who is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible for ironing out all initial problems?
A. Sanjay Tejwrika
Q. Who are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, McKinsey & Stanchart?
A. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar.
We Indians are the wealthiest among all ethnic groups in America, even faring better than the whites and the natives. There are 3.22 million Indians in the USA (1.5% of the population).
Proud to be an Indian....... Jai INDIA
Love India... Serve India...
Regards,
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)Amend(0)Source: FACTS ABOUT INDIA
Just as India's culture is, its geography too is varied and diverse. Right from the snowy mountains in the north to dense forests in the south and arid deserts in the west, India offers it all. With a coastline of 7,000 km, India is a peninsular country that protrudes into the deep Indian Ocean. India is surrounded by the Arabian Sea on one side and the Bay of Bengal on the other.
The geography of ancient India included Pakistan and Bangladesh, which later became separate nations after Indian independence. India is now bordered by Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, and Bangladesh. Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Indonesia are island nations to the south of India. Sri Lanka is separated from India by a channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar. Independent India is divided into 28 states and seven union territories.
Most of the northern, central, and eastern parts of India are occupied by the fertile Indo-Gangetic Plain, making it ideal for the production of many food grains. The Deccan Plateau occupies most of southern India, while the Thar Desert is towards the west. India's east and northeastern border consists of the high Himalayan range. In fact, India can be divided into seven physiographic regions such as the Himalayas and the northeast mountain ranges, Indo-Gangetic plains, Central Highlands, Thar Desert, Deccan Plateau, West Coast, East Coast, and seas and islands.
India is one of the nations having nine major mountain ranges with peaks over 1,000 m. The Himalayas are the only mountain ranges in India to have snow-capped peaks. Some of the famous mountain ranges in India are the Himalayas, Aravalli Range, Vindhya Range, Eastern Ghats, Patkai Range, Sahyadri, Satpura Range, Karakoram, and the Kunlun Range. India has two major offshore islands, namely the Lakshadweep Islands and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, both of which are administered by the Union government of India. Some of the major rivers in India are the Indus, Ravi, Jhelum, Chenab, Sutlej, Beas, Ganga, Chambal, Yamuna, Gomti, Brahmaputra, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada, Tapi, Godavari, and Mahanadi.
The geography and climate of India are so varied that they cannot be generalized as they change from region to region. The seasons of India are mainly defined by summer, rainy, and winter. The most pleasant time to visit India is during winters. India's northern plains are the first to experience summer at the end of March, and it builds up in the months of April, May, and June. During June, the temperature soars up to almost 45 degrees Celsius. Southern India experiences a hot and humid climate during this month.
In terms of geography, India is one of the most feasible countries to travel to, especially with its good road and rail facilities that connect so many places. In India, geography, ethnicity, languages, cultures, and habits of people are in sync with themselves. With each different state of India, one will notice a new culture and a new language. The geography of India truly makes it a favorable tourist destination.
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)Amend(0)
[COLOR="Olive"]The Indian economy is finally overcoming some of the obstacles that have traditionally been cumbersome to growth. Today, India's economic growth rate is among the fastest in the world, based largely on a flair for information technology and knowledge-based industries.
As a result, India is providing an IT workforce for high-tech companies around the world and is gradually on the path to becoming the “knowledge center” for the global technology economy.
Most of us know this, but here are 15 facts that you may not know. These facts are as of December 06, so some of them might have changed, especially number 6. If you have recent information, leave a comment and I will add it to the list:
- India is one of only three countries that makes supercomputers (the US and Japan are the other two).
- India is one of six countries that launches satellites.
- The Bombay Stock Exchange lists more than 6,600 companies. Only the NYSE has more.
- Eight Indian companies are listed on the NYSE; three on the NASDAQ.
- By volume of pills produced, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is the world's second largest after China.
- India has the second largest community of software developers, after the U.S.
- India has the second largest network of paved highways, after the U.S.
- India is the world's largest producer of milk and among the top five producers of sugar, cotton, tea, coffee, spices, rubber, silk, and fish.
- 100 of the Fortune 500 companies have R&D facilities in India.
- Two million people of Indian origin live in the U.S.
- Indian-born Americans are among the most affluent and best educated of the recent immigrant groups in the U.S.
- Thirty percent of the R&D researchers in American pharmaceutical companies are Indian Americans.
- Nearly 49% of the high-tech startups in Silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. are owned by Indians or Indian-Americans.
- India sends more students to U.S. colleges than any country in the world. In 2004-2005, over 80,000 Indian students entered the U.S. China sent only 65,000 students during the same time.
- In a case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, an Indian-American woman scientist, Dr. Ananda Chakrabarty, won the argument that persons may be granted patents for useful manufacture of living organisms. She defeated the U.S. Patent Office, which argued that living things may not be patented, thus establishing the legal foundation for the biotech industry (Diamond vs. Chakrabarty, 1980). Dr. Chakrabarty invented a microbe that eats oil spills.
Some figures and positions might have been changed as per recent records.
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)Amend(0)
As a result, India is providing an IT workforce for high-tech companies around the world and is gradually on the path to becoming the “knowledge center” for the global technology economy.
Most of us know this, but here are 15 facts that you may not know. These facts are as of December 06, so some of them might have changed, especially number 6. If you have recent information, leave a comment and I will add it to the list:
- India is one of only three countries that makes supercomputers (the US and Japan are the other two).
- India is one of six countries that launches satellites.
- The Bombay Stock Exchange lists more than 6,600 companies. Only the NYSE has more.
- Eight Indian companies are listed on the NYSE; three on the NASDAQ.
- By volume of pills produced, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is the world's second largest after China.
- India has the second largest community of software developers, after the U.S.
- India has the second largest network of paved highways, after the U.S.
- India is the world's largest producer of milk and among the top five producers of sugar, cotton, tea, coffee, spices, rubber, silk, and fish.
- 100 of the Fortune 500 companies have R&D facilities in India.
- Two million people of Indian origin live in the U.S.
- Indian-born Americans are among the most affluent and best educated of the recent immigrant groups in the U.S.
- Thirty percent of the R&D researchers in American pharmaceutical companies are Indian Americans.
- Nearly 49% of the high-tech startups in Silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. are owned by Indians or Indian-Americans.
- India sends more students to U.S. colleges than any country in the world. In 2004-2005, over 80,000 Indian students entered the U.S. China sent only 65,000 students during the same time.
- In a case decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, an Indian-American woman scientist, Dr. Ananda Chakrabarty, won the argument that persons may be granted patents for useful manufacture of living organisms. She defeated the U.S. Patent Office, which argued that living things may not be patented, thus establishing the legal foundation for the biotech industry (Diamond vs. Chakrabarty, 1980). Dr. Chakrabarty invented a microbe that eats oil spills.
Some figures and positions might have been changed as per recent records.
CRK
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)Amend(0)
"Through the wisdom of its government leaders and the entrepreneurship of its private sector, India has risen to become a major force in the global economy."
Mr. John Chambers
President and CEO
Cisco Systems Inc
"We are very bullish on our growth prospects in India."
Charles Prince
CEO
Citigroup
"India, which is known for its globally recognized IT resources, can contribute substantially towards the success of our future projects."
Shaikh Ahmed bin Ateyatallah al Khalifa
Minister of State for Cabinet Affairs
Bahrain
"I put India on the top priority market among emerging markets."
Yuanquing Yang
Chairman
Lenovo
"...India (is), the most promising and dynamic economy of the world. In this day and age of globalization, Scandinavian corporate leaders feel that, more than ever, it is of utmost importance to get to know industrial and political leaders in a country of India's stature."
Marcus Wallenberg
Chairman of the Board
SEB
On a recent visit to India along with a CEOs delegation of top Swedish companies
"Australian retailers are increasingly diversifying their buying of apparel and garments from China to India."
Sarat Chandran
Director
Indo-Australian Chamber of Commerce
"India has just opened up and so offers a good potential for volume growth."
K Y Lee
Chairman and CEO
BenQ
"Socially and economically, India is developing at a galloping pace when compared to the rest of the world."
Mr. Sarang Panchal
Executive Director
ACNielsen South Asia
"Indian companies are using the UK as a door to other European countries and are also using it as a base to provide services in the US and South Africa."
Mark Dolan
Deputy Director
Inward Investment
"We came into India wanting to make it a hub for all the products that we are producing there including the supplier base. I'm pleased with the progress."
Mr. Leif Johansson
President and CEO
AB Volvo
"This is a watershed year in US-India relations. We have been talking, and working, about a strategic partnership. Now is the time to make it happen."
Christina Rocca
US Assistant Secretary of State
"India has become a key market for many information communication technology products made in the US, while the US is an important consumer of Indian IT-enabled services."
US State Department
during the launch of the India-US CEOs Forum
"India on its way to becoming the IT manufacturing kingdom of the world."
Mr. Yasukuni Enoki
Japanese Ambassador to India
"The demand which we are observing in India is one of the highest growth rates in the world today."
Dinesh Keskar
VP Sales
Boeing Corporation
"Indian markets are gaining depth by the day, more instruments, more shorting possibilities."
Christoph Avenarius
Senior analyst
Credit Suisse Alternative Investments
"The dynamism shown by India in the last 15 years is phenomenal."
Paul Wolfowitz
President
World Bank
"India as a country is in a mode of capital consumption. Investors will now start looking for proxies that will reflect the India growth story."
K Ramakrishnan
CEO
Spark Capital Advisors
"We have been bullish on India for a long time."
Donald Peck,
Managing partner
Actis
"Never were our relations ever more exciting."
Tony Blair,
Prime Minister of Britain
on India-UK relations
"We are delighted and impressed with the growth we have been able to achieve in this country. India is a key node in Accenture's global delivery network."
Mr. Karl-Heinz Floether
Group Chief Executive (Technology and Delivery)
Accenture
"India is a rising economic influence of power in the international system. It's a great multiethnic democracy."
Condoleezza Rice
US Secretary of State
"...this is the right time to invest in India and we will be bold on the market here."
Jeffrey Immelt
CEO and Chairman
GE Worldwide
Regards,
CRK
[Email Removed For Privacy Reasons]
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)Amend(0)
Mr. John Chambers
President and CEO
Cisco Systems Inc
"We are very bullish on our growth prospects in India."
Charles Prince
CEO
Citigroup
"India, which is known for its globally recognized IT resources, can contribute substantially towards the success of our future projects."
Shaikh Ahmed bin Ateyatallah al Khalifa
Minister of State for Cabinet Affairs
Bahrain
"I put India on the top priority market among emerging markets."
Yuanquing Yang
Chairman
Lenovo
"...India (is), the most promising and dynamic economy of the world. In this day and age of globalization, Scandinavian corporate leaders feel that, more than ever, it is of utmost importance to get to know industrial and political leaders in a country of India's stature."
Marcus Wallenberg
Chairman of the Board
SEB
On a recent visit to India along with a CEOs delegation of top Swedish companies
"Australian retailers are increasingly diversifying their buying of apparel and garments from China to India."
Sarat Chandran
Director
Indo-Australian Chamber of Commerce
"India has just opened up and so offers a good potential for volume growth."
K Y Lee
Chairman and CEO
BenQ
"Socially and economically, India is developing at a galloping pace when compared to the rest of the world."
Mr. Sarang Panchal
Executive Director
ACNielsen South Asia
"Indian companies are using the UK as a door to other European countries and are also using it as a base to provide services in the US and South Africa."
Mark Dolan
Deputy Director
Inward Investment
"We came into India wanting to make it a hub for all the products that we are producing there including the supplier base. I'm pleased with the progress."
Mr. Leif Johansson
President and CEO
AB Volvo
"This is a watershed year in US-India relations. We have been talking, and working, about a strategic partnership. Now is the time to make it happen."
Christina Rocca
US Assistant Secretary of State
"India has become a key market for many information communication technology products made in the US, while the US is an important consumer of Indian IT-enabled services."
US State Department
during the launch of the India-US CEOs Forum
"India on its way to becoming the IT manufacturing kingdom of the world."
Mr. Yasukuni Enoki
Japanese Ambassador to India
"The demand which we are observing in India is one of the highest growth rates in the world today."
Dinesh Keskar
VP Sales
Boeing Corporation
"Indian markets are gaining depth by the day, more instruments, more shorting possibilities."
Christoph Avenarius
Senior analyst
Credit Suisse Alternative Investments
"The dynamism shown by India in the last 15 years is phenomenal."
Paul Wolfowitz
President
World Bank
"India as a country is in a mode of capital consumption. Investors will now start looking for proxies that will reflect the India growth story."
K Ramakrishnan
CEO
Spark Capital Advisors
"We have been bullish on India for a long time."
Donald Peck,
Managing partner
Actis
"Never were our relations ever more exciting."
Tony Blair,
Prime Minister of Britain
on India-UK relations
"We are delighted and impressed with the growth we have been able to achieve in this country. India is a key node in Accenture's global delivery network."
Mr. Karl-Heinz Floether
Group Chief Executive (Technology and Delivery)
Accenture
"India is a rising economic influence of power in the international system. It's a great multiethnic democracy."
Condoleezza Rice
US Secretary of State
"...this is the right time to invest in India and we will be bold on the market here."
Jeffrey Immelt
CEO and Chairman
GE Worldwide
Regards,
CRK
[Email Removed For Privacy Reasons]
From India, Vijayawada
Acknowledge(0)Amend(0)CiteHR is an AI-augmented HR knowledge and collaboration platform, enabling HR professionals to solve real-world challenges, validate decisions, and stay ahead through collective intelligence and machine-enhanced guidance. Join Our Platform.
Central-Governm ent- of-India-Holida y-List 2016.pdf
Central-Governm ent- of-India-Holida y-List 2016-page-001.j pg
Minimum Wages in India as on 1.12.2015.doc