7
Objective Test: Data Interpretation Test, Data
S ufficiency Test, Probability Test, Reading
Comprehension relating to business and
HR issues, Business Knowledge, Foundation of
Management (Economics, Sociological and
Psychological).
The section of General Awareness in IRMA primarily focuses on social sector. Past years
trend highlights some specific areas such as
�� Data/Pattern of Agriculture sector
(The Hindu Survey on Indian Agriculture 2008 should prove very useful)
�� The various NGOs and Social movements: their leaders, area of activity etc.
�� Social problems of India
�� Human development indicators, data etc.
�� WTO, its implication for rural sectors
�� Mishaps like accident due to fire, contaminated water, liquor etc.
�� The Govt. schemes for social sector viz poverty alleviation, literacy, employment,
healthcare etc.
(Read through the social sector section in Economic Survey and Budget 2005-06)
To cover these topics browse Govt. of India Websites/Publications. The Public Information
Bureau of Govt. publishes India 2008, which will prove a helpful reading. Website of the
Planning Commissions and documents too have comprehensive analysis of social sectors.
Magazine ‘YOJNA’ too would have useful and relevant material for this exam.
We have provided some of the questions that have been asked in IRMA over the past few
years. These questions have been based on the students’ memory. Also to help you judge
your competency in General Knowledge, a set of practice questions with answers has
been provided towards the end.
From India, Ahmadabad
S ufficiency Test, Probability Test, Reading
Comprehension relating to business and
HR issues, Business Knowledge, Foundation of
Management (Economics, Sociological and
Psychological).
The section of General Awareness in IRMA primarily focuses on social sector. Past years
trend highlights some specific areas such as
�� Data/Pattern of Agriculture sector
(The Hindu Survey on Indian Agriculture 2008 should prove very useful)
�� The various NGOs and Social movements: their leaders, area of activity etc.
�� Social problems of India
�� Human development indicators, data etc.
�� WTO, its implication for rural sectors
�� Mishaps like accident due to fire, contaminated water, liquor etc.
�� The Govt. schemes for social sector viz poverty alleviation, literacy, employment,
healthcare etc.
(Read through the social sector section in Economic Survey and Budget 2005-06)
To cover these topics browse Govt. of India Websites/Publications. The Public Information
Bureau of Govt. publishes India 2008, which will prove a helpful reading. Website of the
Planning Commissions and documents too have comprehensive analysis of social sectors.
Magazine ‘YOJNA’ too would have useful and relevant material for this exam.
We have provided some of the questions that have been asked in IRMA over the past few
years. These questions have been based on the students’ memory. Also to help you judge
your competency in General Knowledge, a set of practice questions with answers has
been provided towards the end.
From India, Ahmadabad
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
THE INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947
The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 basically provides for investigation and settlement
of industrial disputes. The main objectives of the Act are: promotion of measures for
securing and preserving amity and good relations between the employer and
workmen; investigation and settlement of industrial disputes, between employers
and employers, employers and workmen or workmen and workmen, with a right of
representation by registered trade union or a federation or trade unions or an
association of employers or a federation of associations of employers; prevention of
illegal strikes and lock-outs; relief to workmen in the matter of lay-off and retrenchment;
and collective bargaining.
The special provisions relating to lay off, retrenchment and closure are
applicable to the establishments employing not less than 100 workmen on an average
per working day. The Act also provides for protection in the shape of retrenchment
compensation and notice to the workmen who have completed 240 days continuous
service in the establishment in the preceding 12 months before effecting retrenchment,
closure etc.
THE TRADE UNION ACT, 1926
The Trade Unions Act, 1926 provides for registration of trade unions of employers
and workers, and, in certain respects, it defines the law relating to registered trade
unions. It confers legal and corporate status on registered trade unions. The Trade
Unions Act, 1926 is administered by the concerned State Governments.
The Trade Union Act, 1926 has been amended and the following amendments
have been enforced from 9th January, 2002: No trade union of workmen shall be
registered unless at least 10% or 100, whichever is less, of workmen engaged or
employed in the establishment or industry with which it is connected are the members
of such trade union on the date of making or application for registration. In no case,
a union shall be registered without a minimum strength of 7 members; a registered
trade union of workmen shall, at all times, continue to have not less than 10% or 100
of the workmen, whichever is less, subject to a minimum of 7 persons engaged or
employed in the establishment or industry with which it is connected, as its members;
a provision for filing an appeal before the Industrial Tribunal/Labour Court in case
of non-registration/restoration of registration has been provided; all office bearers of
a registered trade union, except not more than one third of the total number of office
bearers or five, whichever is less, shall be persons actually engaged or employed in
the establishment or industry with which the trade union is connected; Minimum
rate of subscription by members of the trade union has been revised as one rupee per
annum for rural workers, three rupees per annum for workers in other unorganized
sectors and 12 rupees per annum in all other cases.
INDUSTRIAL TRIPARTITE COMMITTEES
The Industrial Tripartite Committees have been constituted with the view to promote
the spirit of tripartism. These tripartite bodies aim at deliberating on the industryspecific
problems related to workers in that particular industry. These Committees
are non-statutory and ad-hoc and their meetings are convened as and when required.
At present, there are eight Industrial Tripartite Committees, one each for Engineering,
Electricity Generation & Distribution, Road Transport, Chemical , Sugar Industry
Cotton Textiles , Jute Industry and Plantation
SOCIAL SECURITY
THE WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION ACT, 1923
A beginning was made in Social Security with the passing of the Workmen’s
Compensation Act, 1923. The Act provides for payment of compensation to workmen
and their dependents in case of injury and accident (including certain occupational
diseases) arising out of and in the course of employment and resulting in disablement
or death. The Act applies to railway servants and persons employed in any such
capacity as is specified in Schedule II of the Act. It includes persons employed in
factories, mines, plantation, mechanically propelled vehicles, construction works
and certain other hazardous occupations. Minimum rates of compensation for
permanent total disablement and death are fixed at Rs.90,000 and Rs.80,000
respectively. Maximum amount for death and permanent total disablement can go
up to Rs.4.56 lakh and Rs.5.48 lakh respectively depending on age and wages of
workmen.
THE MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT, 1961
The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 regulates employment of women in certain
establishments for a certain period before and after childbirth and periods for
maternity and other benefits. The Act applies to mines, factories, circus industry,
plantation, shops and establishments employing ten or more persons, except
employees covered under the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948. The State
Governments can extend it to any other establishment or class of establishments.
There is no wage limit for coverage under the Act.
THE EMPLOYEES’ STATE INSURANCE ACT, 1948
The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948 is applicable in the first instance, to nonseasonal
factories using power and employing 10 or more persons and non-power
using factories employing 20 or more persons. It covers employees drawing wages
not exceeding Rs.10,000/- with effect from18.10.2006 01.04.2004. The Act provides
medical care in kind and cash benefits in the contingency of sickness, maternity and
employment injury and pension for dependents in the event of death of a worker
because of employment injury. Full medical care including hospitalization is also
being progressively made available to members of the family of the insured persons.
With effect from 01.04.2005, the Employees State Insurance Corporation has introduced
“Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojana” for the workers covered under the Scheme,
who lose their job involuntarily due to retrenchment, closure of factories/
establishments and permanent disability not arising out of employment injury. The
beneficiaries under this Scheme are entitled to get a monthly cash allowance of about
50-53 percent of the wage as well as medical care for themselves and their dependant
family members, for a maximum of six months which may be available in a single
spell or in spells of not less than one month each.
The main benefits provided under the Act are medical care for the entire family
of the Insured Person (IP), cash compensation for loss of wages on account of sickness,
temporary and permanent disablement arising out of employment injury, periodical
payments to dependants of Insured Person who dies due to employment injury,
maternity benefit in cash to Insured Women and funeral expenses.
As on March, 2006 there were 144 ESI Hospitals, 42 Annexes, 28,308 beds
including 4396 beds reserved in hospitals other than ESI hospitals/annexes, 1427
ESI dispensaries, 2135 clinics of Insured Medical Practitioners (IMPs) under the
scheme. The total number of Insured Persons is 91.49 lakh which also includes
16,22,300 Insured Women. The total number of beneficiaries under the scheme is
354.96 lakh. The scheme is financed mainly through contributions from employers
(4.75 percent of the wages) and employees (1.75 percent of the wages).
From India, Ahmadabad
THE INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947
The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 basically provides for investigation and settlement
of industrial disputes. The main objectives of the Act are: promotion of measures for
securing and preserving amity and good relations between the employer and
workmen; investigation and settlement of industrial disputes, between employers
and employers, employers and workmen or workmen and workmen, with a right of
representation by registered trade union or a federation or trade unions or an
association of employers or a federation of associations of employers; prevention of
illegal strikes and lock-outs; relief to workmen in the matter of lay-off and retrenchment;
and collective bargaining.
The special provisions relating to lay off, retrenchment and closure are
applicable to the establishments employing not less than 100 workmen on an average
per working day. The Act also provides for protection in the shape of retrenchment
compensation and notice to the workmen who have completed 240 days continuous
service in the establishment in the preceding 12 months before effecting retrenchment,
closure etc.
THE TRADE UNION ACT, 1926
The Trade Unions Act, 1926 provides for registration of trade unions of employers
and workers, and, in certain respects, it defines the law relating to registered trade
unions. It confers legal and corporate status on registered trade unions. The Trade
Unions Act, 1926 is administered by the concerned State Governments.
The Trade Union Act, 1926 has been amended and the following amendments
have been enforced from 9th January, 2002: No trade union of workmen shall be
registered unless at least 10% or 100, whichever is less, of workmen engaged or
employed in the establishment or industry with which it is connected are the members
of such trade union on the date of making or application for registration. In no case,
a union shall be registered without a minimum strength of 7 members; a registered
trade union of workmen shall, at all times, continue to have not less than 10% or 100
of the workmen, whichever is less, subject to a minimum of 7 persons engaged or
employed in the establishment or industry with which it is connected, as its members;
a provision for filing an appeal before the Industrial Tribunal/Labour Court in case
of non-registration/restoration of registration has been provided; all office bearers of
a registered trade union, except not more than one third of the total number of office
bearers or five, whichever is less, shall be persons actually engaged or employed in
the establishment or industry with which the trade union is connected; Minimum
rate of subscription by members of the trade union has been revised as one rupee per
annum for rural workers, three rupees per annum for workers in other unorganized
sectors and 12 rupees per annum in all other cases.
INDUSTRIAL TRIPARTITE COMMITTEES
The Industrial Tripartite Committees have been constituted with the view to promote
the spirit of tripartism. These tripartite bodies aim at deliberating on the industryspecific
problems related to workers in that particular industry. These Committees
are non-statutory and ad-hoc and their meetings are convened as and when required.
At present, there are eight Industrial Tripartite Committees, one each for Engineering,
Electricity Generation & Distribution, Road Transport, Chemical , Sugar Industry
Cotton Textiles , Jute Industry and Plantation
SOCIAL SECURITY
THE WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION ACT, 1923
A beginning was made in Social Security with the passing of the Workmen’s
Compensation Act, 1923. The Act provides for payment of compensation to workmen
and their dependents in case of injury and accident (including certain occupational
diseases) arising out of and in the course of employment and resulting in disablement
or death. The Act applies to railway servants and persons employed in any such
capacity as is specified in Schedule II of the Act. It includes persons employed in
factories, mines, plantation, mechanically propelled vehicles, construction works
and certain other hazardous occupations. Minimum rates of compensation for
permanent total disablement and death are fixed at Rs.90,000 and Rs.80,000
respectively. Maximum amount for death and permanent total disablement can go
up to Rs.4.56 lakh and Rs.5.48 lakh respectively depending on age and wages of
workmen.
THE MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT, 1961
The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 regulates employment of women in certain
establishments for a certain period before and after childbirth and periods for
maternity and other benefits. The Act applies to mines, factories, circus industry,
plantation, shops and establishments employing ten or more persons, except
employees covered under the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948. The State
Governments can extend it to any other establishment or class of establishments.
There is no wage limit for coverage under the Act.
THE EMPLOYEES’ STATE INSURANCE ACT, 1948
The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948 is applicable in the first instance, to nonseasonal
factories using power and employing 10 or more persons and non-power
using factories employing 20 or more persons. It covers employees drawing wages
not exceeding Rs.10,000/- with effect from18.10.2006 01.04.2004. The Act provides
medical care in kind and cash benefits in the contingency of sickness, maternity and
employment injury and pension for dependents in the event of death of a worker
because of employment injury. Full medical care including hospitalization is also
being progressively made available to members of the family of the insured persons.
With effect from 01.04.2005, the Employees State Insurance Corporation has introduced
“Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojana” for the workers covered under the Scheme,
who lose their job involuntarily due to retrenchment, closure of factories/
establishments and permanent disability not arising out of employment injury. The
beneficiaries under this Scheme are entitled to get a monthly cash allowance of about
50-53 percent of the wage as well as medical care for themselves and their dependant
family members, for a maximum of six months which may be available in a single
spell or in spells of not less than one month each.
The main benefits provided under the Act are medical care for the entire family
of the Insured Person (IP), cash compensation for loss of wages on account of sickness,
temporary and permanent disablement arising out of employment injury, periodical
payments to dependants of Insured Person who dies due to employment injury,
maternity benefit in cash to Insured Women and funeral expenses.
As on March, 2006 there were 144 ESI Hospitals, 42 Annexes, 28,308 beds
including 4396 beds reserved in hospitals other than ESI hospitals/annexes, 1427
ESI dispensaries, 2135 clinics of Insured Medical Practitioners (IMPs) under the
scheme. The total number of Insured Persons is 91.49 lakh which also includes
16,22,300 Insured Women. The total number of beneficiaries under the scheme is
354.96 lakh. The scheme is financed mainly through contributions from employers
(4.75 percent of the wages) and employees (1.75 percent of the wages).
From India, Ahmadabad
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment is a psychometric questionnaire designed to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the
From India, Ahmadabad
From India, Ahmadabad
Community Support and Knowledge-base on business, career and organisational prospects and issues - Register and Log In to CiteHR and post your query, download formats and be part of a fostered community of professionals.
5 Things to do after a team building program.pdf
Email writing skills.part2.ho w to ask for information.ppt x